The Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) calculator helps estimate the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) over the next decade by evaluating responses to eight questions about health and lifestyle. Each answer corresponds to a specific score, reflecting its impact on diabetes risk.

Here's how the scoring system works:

1. Age:
   - Less than 45: 0 points
   - 45-54 years: 2 points
   - 55-64 years: 3 points
   - Over 64: 4 points

2. Body Mass Index (BMI):
   - Less than 25 kg/m²: 0 points
   - 25 to 30 kg/m²: 1 point
   - Over 30 kg/m²: 3 points

3. Waist Circumference:
   - Less than 94 cm for males and 80 cm for females: 0 points
   - 94-102 cm for males and 80-88 cm for females: 3 points
   - 102 cm or more for males and 88 cm or more for females: 4 points

4. Regular Use of Blood Pressure Medication:
   - Yes: 2 points
   - No: 0 points

5. History of High Blood Glucose:
   - Yes: 5 points
   - No: 0 points

6. Physical Activity Less Than 4 Hours per Week:
   - Yes: 2 points
   - No: 0 points

7. Daily Consumption of Vegetables, Fruits, or Berries:
   - Yes: 0 points
   - No: 1 point

8. Family History of Diabetes:
   - No family history: 0 points
   - Yes, second-degree relative: 3 points
   - Yes, first-degree relative: 5 points

The total score is the sum of all individual scores from these categories. The interpretation of the risk score is as follows:

- A score of 0-3 suggests a low risk, with a 10-year probability of developing T2DM being 0.3% for men and 0.1% for women.
- Scores between 4 and 8 indicate a slightly higher risk, with a 10-year probability of 0.8% for men and 0.4% for women.
- Scores from 9 to 12 show a moderate risk, correlating to a 10-year chance of 2.6% for men and 2.2% for women.
- Scores from 13 to 20 signify a high risk, translating to a 23.1% probability for men and 14.1% for women over 10 years.
- A score of 21 or greater points to a very high risk, with the 10-year probability exceeding 23.1% for men and 14.1% for women.

The Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) is a clinical calculator used to estimate an individual's risk of developing type 2 diabetes within the next 10 years. It is applicable to the general adult population, particularly those aged 35 to 64 years. The FINDRISC tool is useful in primary care settings for early identification of individuals at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes, enabling early intervention and prevention strategies. The calculator takes into account factors such as age, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, physical activity, daily consumption of fruits, berries or vegetables, history of high blood glucose, antihypertensive medication use, and family history of diabetes. It does not apply to individuals who have already been diagnosed with diabetes.